Servheen, Christopher The Grizzly Bear in the Lower 48 United States. 2000 Predator Management in Montana Symposium Proceedings, pp 28-38.

"The rate that is assumed to be sustainable for a population of several hundred bears is no more than 6% human-caused mortality based on the work of Harris (1986). However, this is the total and not the known rate."(33)

"Human-bear interactions are the main source of bear mortality and habitat loss. Mortality factors are usually related to the availability of human foods such as garbage, agricultural activities such as livestock, honey production, and fruit trees. Interactions between grizzly bears and elk big game hunters are a regular source of conflict and dead bears. Indirect factors include timber harvest and mining in grizzly habitat that cause disturbance and reduce of (sic) eliminate habitat."(34)

"Very few of the 575 different grizzly bears that have been captured and radio-tracked in Montana, Wyoming, and Idaho since 1975 have died naturally."(34)


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