The Humane Society of the United States Black Bears 1997 Wild Neighbors: The Humane Approach to Living with Wildlife. Fulcrum Publishing, pp 72-75.

"No doubt, more people are bitten, stepped on or injured each year by horses than by bears, yet these events almost never make the news."(73)

"[Bears] will den occasionally under decks or porches, especially in summer homes or residences that are used sporadically. They raid gardens and get into trash with a facility that aptly demonstrates their size and power. They also occasionally cause significant damage to beehives."(74)

"Where bears are a serious problem and repeatedly cause depredation on a specific resource (such as a set of beehives), electric fencing is the recommended tool for use as a deterrent. Such fencing can also be used to protect campsites, refuse containers and other areas that might attract curious bears."(74)

"Do not place trash cans outside at night. If trash must be placed out at night, then an investment in a "bear-proof" can is the way to go."(74)

"It is important not to try to keep an open compost pile in bear country, especially on in which household refuse is dumped…. Burying compost is not advised because bears will easily dig it up if motivated by enticing odors."(74)

"Never try to approach a bear to drive it off! Shouting, banging objects together, making as much noise as possible and looking as big as possible (by spreading your arms, or better, coat outward) are all effective responses. The key here is to let the bear know you are human…. Throwing things at the bear and even hitting it in the rump if you can are excellent ways to get it to move off. In the rare instance where a black bear bluff charges, the experts advise standing still. The bear does this only as a warning and invariably turns and moves off after the display."(75)

"[Pepper spray] has been generally proven to work and to be effective at chasing bears from campgrounds. The smarter bears, however, learn the effective range (usually about 10 to 12 feet) and stand just beyond that when they encounter humans whom they suspect of intending to use the spray on them."(75)


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