"Fences are often the most effective techniques to reduce damage by mammals and can be completely effective if they are properly constructed and maintained…. Cost is the major factor preventing the widespread use of fences, which can be so expencive that their use cannot be justified on economic grounds."(291)

"Construction costs for a fence are based on its length, but its cost effectiveness is related to the area of land enclosed within it. The important variable is the perimeter to area ratio…. Fences also become more cost effective as the area they enclose increases in size. For example, if the perimeter doubles around a square field, the area enclosed increases fourfold."(292)

"Woven-wire and chain-link fences last 10 to 30 years, require little maintenance, and are effective in all weather conditions (Caslick and Decker 1979). (Average cost is $2-$4 per meter.)… [These fences] are often cost-effective when their cost is amortized over their long life expectancy (Caslick and Decker 1979)."(295)

"The cost of a high tensile (electric) deer fence with five wires is about $1 per meter (Palmer et al. 1985)."(298)

Acorn and Dorrance (1994) interviewed 21 sheep ranchers who used electric fences to reduce coyote predation and found that 17 of them were pleased with their fences and would build another. Dorrance and Bourne (1980) examined coyote predation rates on five ranches using seven-wire electric fences and reproted that the fences significantly reduced predation."(300-1)

"The ability of predators to crawl or burrow under fences poses a difficult challenge to fence builders. Because of this, the bottom wire must be placed close to the ground to prevent predators from going beneath it. This means that weeds do not have to grow very high or the wire does not have to sag much before contact is made and the fence shorts out. Hence, predator-proof fences require more maintenance than deer-proof fences. Predator fences are often constructed of woven wire because it is difficult to keep electric fence wires close enough together to prevent small predators from passing through the wires without getting shocked."(301)